Popular Music in Hong Kong
As already hinted at, the pop song landscape in mainland China was paralleled by popular music spheres in Hong Kong and Taiwan, both of which have been influential in the region and among Chinese-speaking populations elsewhere in the world. Cantopop (popular song in Cantonese dialect) has dominated the Hong Kong music industry since the 1980s (Lau, 2008). Hong Kong musicians and lyricists successfully developed a unique hybrid of Chinese and Western music styles with lyrics written in Cantonese (Chu 2017). To be specific, Cantopop's colloquial lyrics addressed contemporary concerns using a Western folk rock-based sound inspired by artists such as the Carpenters, Bee Gees, and John Denver. Moreover, its use in popular TV serial dramas of the 1980s generated a strong appeal among its listeners. Meanwhile, many singers also sought careers as film and TV stars. The hybridized genre provided the people of Hong Kong with a sense of belonging over the past half century or so, articulating, together with other media such as film and television, a distinctive Hong Kong cultural identity (Chu 2017: 3-4). Pioneers and stars of the genre include Sam Hui Koon-kit (b. 1948), Joseph Koo (b. 1933), and the "Four Heavenly Kings"-Jackie Cheung, Andy Lau, Leon Lai, and Aaron Kwok-who dominated the industry in Hong Kong and throughout the larger Chinese-speaking world in the 1990s.
In the late 1990s, transformations in the music industry, as well as changes in the geopolitical situation of Hong Kong when Hong Kong returned to Chinese rule, resulted in a decline in Cantopop. In the new millennium, Cantopop has been gradually overtaken by songs issued in Mandarin Chinese and aimed at the larger national market rather than just at the Hong Kong region. Inside Hong Kong, the passing away of Cantopop superstars Leslie Cheung (1956-2003) and Anita Mui (1963-2003) and master lyricists James Wong (1941-2004) and Richard Lam (1949-2003) seemed to symbolize the end of the era of Cantopop (Chu 2017).
Popular Music in Taiwan
Popular music in Taiwan has a similarly varied history. As a Japanese colony up to 1945, many on the island enjoyed Japanese-language popular entertainment. Control of Taiwan by the mainland China Nationalist Party since 1945, has brought about an insistence on the use of Mandarin Chinese in radio broadcasting, even though most of the population prefers to use their own Minnan dialect. The singer Deng Lijun, mentioned above, is representative of the light romantic style popular at this time. In the mid-1970s, resisting a governmental ban on singing in Minnan language, a group of young musicians launched a movement of "singing our own songs", which led to the emergence of a genre called "school campus songs" which fused poetic lyrics with Western instruments and content more suited to the taste of younger audiences. This movement brought out several influential songwriters such as Luo Dayou (b. 1954) and Hou Dejian (b. 1956) and singers including Qi Yu (b. 1957) and Pan Yueyun (b. 1957). Since the 1990s, many Taiwan pop musicians have again pursued careers in mainland China, Japan, and Hong Kong, favoring mainly love-themed songs performed predominantly in Mandarin to satisfy this larger market (Moskowitz 2010). For this reason, it is now difficult to talk of entirely separate markets. A representative example is offered by the singer songwriter Jay Chou (Zhou Jielun) (b. 1979), whose work contains strong elements of a Chinese style (called "China wind") plus traits of other globalized Western popular music styles.
Michelle Pan (Pan Yueyun) -- Mood 心情-潘越云 1983
The long, straight legs of Wading birds, such as the Grey heron, provide great bones for flute making.