Music
Composer: Percy Grainger
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"Chosen Gems for Winds: O Mensch bewein' dein' Sünde groß (After J.S. Bach)"
Composer
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The Sympony
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ANIMATION
The G Major Scale
The G Major Scale
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VIDEO
J.S. Bach: Partita for Violin Solo No. 2 in D minor, BWV 1004
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WORKSHEET
Interval Size
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PROFILE
Carl Orff
1982
Germany
Modern
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Information
German composer and music educator.
Orff is best known for Carmina Burana (1936), a scenic cantata. It is the first part of a trilogy that also includes Catulli Carmina and Trionfo di Afrodite. Carmina Burana reflected his interest in medieval German poetry.
The work was based on thirteenth-century poetry found in a manuscript dubbed the Codex latinus monacensis found in the Benedictine monastery of Benediktbeuern in 1803 and written by the Goliards; this collection is also known as Carmina Burana.
Orff studied at the Munich Academy of Music.
In the mid-1920s, Orff began to formulate a concept he called elementare Musik, or elemental music, which was based on the unity of the arts symbolized by the ancient Greek Muses, and involved tone, dance, poetry, image, design, and theatrical gesture.
In 1924 Dorothee Günther and Orff founded the Günther School for gymnastics, music, and dance in Munich. Orff was there as the head of a department from 1925 until the end of his life, and he worked with musical beginners. There he developed his theories of music education, having constant contact with children.
In 1930, Orff published a manual titled Schulwerk, in which he shares his method of conducting.
The concepts of his Schulwerk were influential for children's music education.
Most of Orff's later works – Antigonae (1949), Oedipus der Tyrann (Oedipus the Tyrant, 1958), Prometheus (1968), and De temporum fine comoedia (Play on the End of Times, 1971) – were based on texts or topics from antiquity. They extend the language of Carmina Burana in interesting ways, but they are expensive to stage and (on Orff's own admission) are not operas in the conventional sense. Live performances of them have been few, even in Germany.
Orff died of cancer in Munich in 1982 at the age of 86.[3] He had lived through four epochs: the German Empire, the Weimar Republic, Nazi Germany and the post World War II West German Bundesrepublik.
Orff's last work, De temporum fine comoedia (Play on the End of Times), had its premiere at the Salzburg Festival on August 20, 1973, and was performed by Herbert von Karajan and the WDR Symphony Orchestra Cologne and Chorus. In this highly personal work, Orff presented a mystery play, sung in Greek, German, and Latin, in which he summarized his view of the end of time.
BOOKLETS
Listening Guide
Viderunt omnes (II)